The pharmaceutical supply chain is a complex system that encompasses the entire lifecycle of drug products, from raw material sourcing and production to distribution and patient delivery. It involves multiple stakeholders, including raw material suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, pharmacies, and healthcare providers, all of whom must coordinate effectively to ensure the timely availability of medications. The process begins with the procurement of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipients, followed by rigorous manufacturing processes that adhere to stringent regulatory standards to ensure product quality and safety. After production, drugs are packaged and undergo quality control tests before being shipped to various distribution points. The increasing globalization of the pharmaceutical supply chain has introduced challenges such as regulatory compliance, supply chain visibility, and risk management related to potential disruptions like natural disasters, geopolitical issues, or pandemics. Over the years, technology has played a significant role in enhancing supply chain efficiency, with the adoption of advanced data analytics, blockchain, and automation tools that improve traceability and streamline operations. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted vulnerabilities in the supply chain, prompting the industry to adopt more resilient strategies, including diversified sourcing and increased inventory levels, to better respond to future disruptions. Overall, an efficient pharmaceutical supply chain is essential for ensuring that safe and effective medications reach patients promptly, thereby improving health outcomes globally.